Hopper-WJ (William J. Hooper): Investigator sites log

Run 1: 2026-10-04 (first run; standard 10-minute cap)

• Browsing time: about 4.5 minutes by date +%s (start 1791147445, end about +268 s).
• Chrome was used for all searching and browsing. curl was used to save files and to read pages that Chrome rendered blank (Google Patents) or that have APIs (NTRS, archive.org).
• Per-site notes are in research/2026-10-04-*.md. Downloads are in research/files/.

Keywords tried

Run 1 (2026-10-04): 1. "William J. Hooper" "motional electric field" 2. "Experimental Notes of Dr. William J. Hooper" 3. "Electrodynamic Gravity" Sarasota Hooper 4. "Joel E. Fisher" OR "Joel Fisher" gravity rotor magnets "Gravity Research Foundation" 1957 5. "Fisher" "Hooper" gravity meter rotor magnets "American Physical Society" 1958 6. "NASA TM 106963" OR "TM-106963" Hooper gravity electromagnetic coupling 7. Cravens "Electric Propulsion Study" 1990 AL-CR-89-040 dtic 8. Hooper "Rotation of flux about a magnetic axis" OR "Unipolar Electromagnetic Induction" Hooper 1963 9. "William J. Hooper" OR "W. J. Hooper" Principia College physics archives OR obituary 1971 10. Hooper Sarasota "gravity" 1970 OR 1971 "Herald-Tribune" OR newspaper "Electrodynamic" 11. "A New Way to View Electrodynamics" Hooper motional 12. "Gravity Research Foundation" "Gravity Day" 1957 Fisher magnets rotor "gravity meter" 13. site:principia.edu Hooper physics 14. Google Books: Hooper "motional electric field" gravity "Bulletin of the American Physical Society" 15. Google Patents: US3610971A, US3656013A, FR2039172A1, assignee "Electrodynamic Gravity" 16. archive.org: "motional electric field" AND Hooper; Hooper AND (antigravity OR "anti-gravity") AND Sarasota; "W. J. Hooper" OR "William J. Hooper" 17. NTRS API: Hooper motional 18. Sunbiz: ELECTRODYNAMIC GRAVITY 19. WorldCat: au:Hooper ti:"New horizons in electric"

Not yet tried (vary next run): - Hopper spelling variants: "W. J. Hopper" gravity, "Dr. Hooper" "B x V", "BxV field". - "motional electric field generator" 1970. - "Hooper" "Cullwick" flux moves. - "Electrodynamic Gravity" Akron / "Cuyahoga Falls". - "Frances G. Gibson" / "Warren W. Gibson". - "Joel Ellis Fisher" gravity. - "Equivalence of the Gravitational Field and a Motional Electric Field". - "Boulder Conference on High Energy Physics" 1970 Hooper. - "Bull. Am. Phys. Soc." 15 209 1970. - "Project Outgrowth" Hooper. - French: "champ électrique de mouvement" Hooper, "Electrodynamic Gravity" brevet 2039172. - "non-inductive coil" gravity weight test; "bifilar" "motional field" replication.

Leads for review

1. The inventor's own work

• US 3,656,013 (filed 19 Apr 1968 as Ser. No. 722,587, granted 11 Apr 1972), "Apparatus for Generating Motional Electric Field". This is Hooper's second patent and the parent cited in US 3,610,971 [web] https://www.rexresearch.com/hooper/3656013.htm ; https://patents.google.com/patent/US3656013A/en
• Bears on claim 1 (flux moves). FIG. 11 is a yoke-and-magnet unipolar induction experiment. Hooper reports that the galvanometer deflection follows the rotation of the iron yoke, not of the magnets. He reads this as showing the flux lines rotate with the magnetic system "under certain conditions".
• Bears on claim 2. Counter-rotating opposed rotors in a grounded high-permeability box: net B is about zero outside, while the B x V fields are said to add outside the box.
• "Similarities of the Motional Electric & Gravitational Forces" (Hooper; transcription, files/hooper-similarities.pdf) [web] https://www.rexresearch.com/hooper/similarities.pdf
• This is the quantitative account the folder lacks. Bears on claims 2 and 3:
  • 4020 conductors, 9 in, up to 30 A (about 3300 W);
  • P.D. = 5 x 10^-6 V at 10 A, with r1 = 0.1 m and r2 = 0.1035 m;
  • Hooper derives V = 1.78 x 10^-2 m/s and compares it with a classical 1.762 x 10^-2 cm/s, acknowledging a factor of about 100.
• The P.D. against DC current is parabolic; against AC current it is linear.
• Reported controls:
  • quick current stepping against thermal EMF;
  • an outer capacitor against contact potential;
  • gaussmeter (max about 0.5 G) and a five-wire pickup loop against stray flux;
  • a balanced power supply against lead-wire charging.
• The rotor gave 15 V AC at 10,000 rpm in a pickup coil, and a DC capacitor voltage that reversed with rotation and with current direction.
• An unnamed "disinterested expert" confirmed the readings with an oscilloscope.
• The New Horizons manuscript, full text (137 pp transcription; originals at Principia College Library QC178 .H7 1974), files/hooper-NewHorizons.pdf [web] https://www.rexresearch.com/hooper/NewHorizons.pdf
• It holds the WWII aircraft drift-meter shielding experiments (from about PDF p.9), which are the basis of the "immune to shielding" claim (claim 2).
• It also has the appendix papers, including Hooper's final article, and a Moray section. Needs a deep read (Opus).
• Experimental Notes of Dr. William J. Hooper (comp. F. G. Gibson, 1991): dated lab notes from 4 Feb 1969 to 10 Aug 1970, including a shielding experiment on 16 Dec 1969 and the "problem" entries of 6 Oct 1969 and 5 May 1970 [web] http://www.tfcbooks.com/mall/more/565hen.htm. Not online; to be obtained (book purchase is the owner's decision).
• 1963 APS paper "Rotation of Flux about a Magnetic Axis" (St. Louis, 25-28 Mar 1963), published as "Unipolar Electromagnetic Induction"; also the 1931 Physics 1(1):61-68 paper [web] https://www.wiki.naturalphilosophy.org/index.php?title=William_J_Hooper. Bears on claim 1.
• French family member FR 2 039 172 A1 (filed 14 Aug 1969, published 15 Jan 1971, withdrawn) [web] https://patents.google.com/patent/FR2039172A1/fr. The text and the reason for withdrawal are still to be found.

2. Supporting information by others (and independent tests)

• Frances G. Gibson, The All-Electric Motional Field Generator & Its Potential (1983) [web] https://www.rexresearch.com/hooper/gibson.htm
• A participant witness account. Gibson was present at every 1968-71 experiment; she was later company president and the publisher, so she is an interested party.
• Data reported:
  • signals in the low-microvolt range;
  • with reversed current, -11/+17 against +28 microvolts at 26 A before the power supply was balanced, equal after balancing;
  • PD rose with added circuit resistance;
  • dry-ice run 28 Feb 1969: 1.5, 6, 17, 45, 95 microvolts at 10-30 A, fitting PD proportional to I^4.
• Bears on claims 2 and 3.
• Millis and Williamson 1995, NASA TM-106963 / AIAA-95-2601 (NASA Lewis) [web] https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19950022472. A NASA propulsion screen, i.e. an agency characterization.
• The only independent controlled test found. Weight test null within 0.02 g on a 555 g disk; accelerometer null within about 40 micro-g; no change with the coils in ice.
• The capacitor surface-charge measurement (Hooper's actual observable) was "too erratic to reach definite conclusions" and was not pursued.
• They suggest Hooper "may have misinterpreted thermal effects" and that a "minuscule" effect below their thresholds cannot be excluded. Bears on claims 2, 3 and 5.
• Reviewers should set this beside Hooper's own thermal controls in the Similarities paper.
• Cravens 1990, Electric Propulsion Study (SAIC for USAF Astronautics Lab, AL-TR-89-040, AD-A227121), sec. 3.7. Excerpt seen: "There has been no critical experiment which can disprove whether a magnetic flux rotates with its source" [web] https://www.rexresearch.com/hooper/hooper1.htm. The full text is blocked (DTIC down). Bears on claim 1.
• Hartman 1996 review [web] http://web.archive.org/web/20010414031227/www.newphys.se/elektromagnum/physics/Hartman/HOOPREV.TXT. It says Hooper "and others" witnessed gravitational and antigravitational forces. This is documented only in this one secondary review, with no witness named; no second source found yet. Bears on claim 5.

3. Closely related work

• Unipolar / homopolar induction lineage. Bruce DePalma's N-machine papers and US5587618A ("Direct current homopolar machine") cite Hooper 1963. The question of whether flux rotates with a magnet is the old unipolar-induction debate, and the same question as Hooper's claim 1 in different words.
• Later patents citing Hooper.
• Richard Banduric: US9337752B2, US10084395B2, US10320312B2. The idea is net electric effects from superposed or cancelled fields, used to produce motion.
• PST Associates: US20050030139A1 / US20050099761A1, "Field converter for thrust generation".
• WWK Trust / Worsley: GB2355599A.
• Lockheed Martin Energy Research: US5844345A, homopolar motor (cites US 3,656,013).
• [web] https://patents.google.com/patent/US3610971A/en
• Kyle Klicker, Motional Electric Field Associated with Moving Charges (theory extending Hooper) [web] https://archive.org/details/MotionalElectricFieldAssociatedWithMovingCharges, saved as files/archive-Klicker-motional-electric-fields_djvu.txt.
• Lewey Gilstrap 2017, "A New Way to View Electrodynamics" (ResearchGate), which builds on Hooper's 1968 "operational approach". Not opened.
• T. Henry Moray. Hooper believed Moray had tapped Earth's gravitational field (Gibson 1983; New Horizons, near the end of the main text). This is a cross-link to the Moray material in project TernionAG.
• E. G. Cullwick, Electromagnetism and Relativity (1957), cited by Hooper for moving flux. Not yet checked online.

4. Historical record

• Electrodynamic Gravity, Inc. (Florida doc 346159, EIN 59-1292328) [web] https://search.sunbiz.org
• Filed 13 May 1969.
• President in 1989-91: Frances G. Gibson, San Jose CA.
• Voluntary dissolution 9 Dec 1991.
• Ohio addresses appear in 1983 (34 W. Tallmadge Ave, Akron) and in later book listings (543 Broad Blvd, Cuyahoga Falls).
• Record-goes-dark analysis: after Hooper's death on 14 Feb 1971 [web, single source: Burridge snippet on Scribd], the planned attraction experiment and superconducting version are not reported.
  • Gibson's account says she tried a vacuum-tube generator once, burned out the tube, and stopped.
  • She says no one continued the work, and in 1983 that "All the original equipment is still available".
• On present evidence the silence fits the death of the sole investigator and the end of private funding (Warren W. Gibson, 1968-71) better than secrecy. Records that would test this:
  • the Ohio corporate filings;
  • the fate of the equipment;
  • USPTO file wrappers;
  • the 1972 USAF survey below.
• Death before grant. Hooper died before US 3,610,971 was granted (5 Oct 1971) and corrected (16 May 1972), and before US 3,656,013 was granted (11 Apr 1972). So the 1972 Certificate of Correction (including the drift-velocity misprint fix) was obtained after his death.
• Joel Ellis Fisher (1891-1966), the 1957-59 collaborator, was identified by historian H. Kragh (Varying Gravity, Springer 2016, pp. 68-69).
• Railroad and shoe-company executive, amateur geophysicist, influence on Pascual Jordan's expanding-Earth hypothesis.
• Kragh confirms the APS presentations and says the work "resulted in two US patents to Hooper".
• Fisher died in 1966, before the generator period. Bears on claim 6.
• Mead et al., Advanced Propulsion Concepts - Project Outgrowth, AFRPL-TR-72-31 (June 1972), cited in NASA TM-106963. It may be the earliest government survey to mention Electrodynamic Gravity. Not yet confirmed; check at DTIC.
• Biography additions (wiki):
• born 25 Jul 1895;
• Berkeley Ph.D. 1925, thesis "Critical Ionization Potentials by Positive Rays in Hydrogen";
• NSF fellowships 1953 (Minnesota) and 1956 (Wisconsin State College);
• consulting for Wood Conversion Co. and Glass Printing Press Co.
• The wiki gives the M.A. as 1923; the resume in the folder says 1925.