RankingsPrimerArbiterPhysicistMathematicianContrarianQEClaimsSources

Dunning-Davies (with R. L. Norman): central claims

Source gap (revised after QE). All six manifest documents now have extracted text and digests. Remaining gaps: (1) Gravity v.2 is now deep-read throughout (second QE round: pp.3-5, 11-27, 28-51, 52-69); the evidence section pp.14-27 contains no measurement by the authors, only quotations of books, a patent and an abstract, and no web checks were made for those pages, so outside facts there (Van Flandern's rebuttals, AGARD wording, Brown effect, GW170817) rest on [memory]. (2) The Gravity v.2 hadronic appendix cites "[31]" with no matching reference, so the source of its numbers is unidentified. (3) The 2017 AJMP neutron-synthesis paper is not in the folder; it was read from the Santilli Foundation link [web: http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/confirmation-neutron-synthesis-2017.pdf]. (4) Not obtained: Thornhill 1983/84, Jack 2003 (arXiv math-ph/0307038), Whittaker 1903/1904, Sweet and Bearden 1991, Santilli's hadronic-mechanics books, the AGARD 1990 report. Web checks failed for independent replication of Santilli's neutron source and for the AGARD wording; later steps must say plainly when a conclusion rests on [memory] alone. The 2024 Hadronic Journal paper contains no experiment or data of its own [read: deep read].

  1. A seventh scalar field exists. Rewriting Maxwell's equations in quaternion form (P. M. Jack) gives an extra scalar "Temporal Field" T = -(1/c) dphi/dt + div A that standard vector Maxwell theory omits (it enters as curl B = (1/c) dE/dt + grad T and div E = (1/c) dT/dt). Later renamed the "bit field", linked by the 2024 paper to heat ("time itself is heat", Bridgman, Ettingshausen) and to positive and negative energy, with the graviton defined as a transient photon-antiphoton pair.

  2. Scalar (longitudinal) waves exist, carry energy and travel faster than light. A potential S with A = grad S, phi = -(1/c) dS/dt gives E = B = 0, no Poynting flux, and a wave equation; with T = 2 div A the authors derive a speed of c*sqrt(3). The derivation needs a zero integration constant, a gauge condition and a sign choice (2024 paper pp.17-18).

  3. A physical aether exists (Thornhill's gas-like medium; Tesla; Whittaker; Einstein's 1920 Leiden address is cited as support), with Maxwell's partial time derivative replaced by the total derivative D/Dt, so that electromagnetic waves have a longitudinal "triality" component and relativity is wrong or valid only in vacuum.

  4. Gravity is a superluminal longitudinal scalar wave in the aether and couples to electromagnetism, so antigravity, variable mass and extraction of gravitational or vacuum energy have been achieved. Cited evidence: Brown's patents ("million to one" efficiency), Laithwaite's gyroscope and a NATO AGARD 1990 report, Schauberger's vortex devices, Sweet-Bearden (power gains 5e4 to 1.5e6; separately a 90% weight reduction with 175 microwatts in and 1 kW out, and "closed battery-less systems" that run themselves), and the B-2 bomber said to fly indefinitely on "perpetual propulsion" from a self-generated gravitational gradient. Deep reads show every item is second-hand: Brown's GB 300,311 patent (1927/28) gives "million to one" only as a possibility ("at times", "in some instances") with no data; the AGARD sentence is the authors' paraphrase and the one quotation is conditional and comes via Cook, not an AGARD document; Schauberger and Sweet-Bearden are an anecdote and a quoted abstract; the B-2 claim rests on a conditional passage in Valone, though the authors endorse it as "demonstrated". The same PDF also contains a Dunning-Davies note presenting Carstoiu's gravito-Maxwell equations in which gravitational fields propagate at exactly c as transverse-capable waves, and the main text's own p.13 footnote says both wave types "propagate with the same speed"; this directly contradicts the superluminal longitudinal claim (pp.6, 18, 22), not merely "sits uneasily". The Van Flandern eclipse claim (40 seconds, p.3) is second-hand with no data or light-time/aberration treatment, and Brillouin's e = -1/G = -1.5e7 is a unit-dependent (cgs) analogy, not a dielectric constant.

  5. Quantum and nuclear phenomena have a causal aether basis. Tunnelling, the strong force (as "spherically confined nuclear scale induction"), the Coulomb barrier (as its counter-field) and the Gamow window come from scalar-wave interference and temperature-raised longitudinal-wave energy; quantum probability, Bell non-locality and wave-particle duality are misreadings (Mayants' abstract versus concrete particles). The neutron is a proton-electron hadronic bound state (Santilli) needing a 0.782 MeV "aetherino" in place of a neutrino; quarks and neutrinos are unnecessary and "no neutrino has ever been directly observed". The authors co-signed an experimental claim, AJMP 2017 (Norman, Bhalekar, Beghella Bartoli, Buckley, Dunning-Davies, Rak, Santilli), that neutrons and a spin-zero "neutroid" were synthesised from hydrogen gas in an arc. Four of its seven authors, including Norman, are Thunder Energies Corporation staff, and the detector evidence is hosted on that company's site.

  6. Hadronic mechanics yields practical clean energy: neutralising high-level nuclear waste by stimulating beta decay with 1.294 MeV "resonant" photons; hadronic fuels Zn-70 and Mo-100 giving a net positive energy output; low-energy nuclear transmutation (atmospheric nitrogen synthesis by lightning, Earth-core heat); and PlasmaArcFlow reactors "already in industrial production". No measurement or cross-section is given; the authors themselves say experiments are needed. By tabulated masses the double-beta energy release is +0.997 MeV (Zn-70) and +3.034 MeV (Mo-100), but the recoverable electron energy per 1.294 MeV photon is about 0.87 MeV (Zn-70, net loss even if ideal) and 1.80 MeV (Mo-100, net gain only above 72% combined efficiency) [calc, deep/Gravityv-2-283abf.md section 5].

  7. Suppression. This science (scalar waves, electrogravitics, quaternion Maxwell) is already used and concealed by government and military programmes, with CIA documents offered as proof; the one CIA memo in the folder in fact says scalar-wave existence is "not proven" and its energy source "not clear". No evidence of suppression is given in the 2018 or 2024 papers; in Gravity v.2 the suppression conclusion (p.5) is inferred from two 1950s quotations (Brown 1952, a 1954 report), the evidence section names only Laithwaite as "ostracized" (sourced to the authors' own book), and the rest are rhetorical questions (pp.20, 23).