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DLHotson: central claims

No source gap: all three PDFs have a full text layer (no OCR pages). Two cautions for later steps. (1) The text layer loses every superscript (2^76 prints as "276"), and Part 2 Table 1 (p.13) exists only as an image; the deep read of Part 2 pp.12-18 used page images and corrected this (for example "10tau x 27" is 10tau x 2^7). Quote exponents from deep/HotsonPart2-26c938.md, not from the raw text or the digests. (2) Digest HotsonPart2-26c938.03 and .02 contain an error: "tau = h/(m_e c^2) = 8.09e-21 s" is not Hotson's tau; tau = 2e^2/3mc^3 = 6.2664e-24 s, and 8.09e-21 s is Heisenberg's "fundamental time", within 0.9 percent of 10tau x 2^7. Coverage: Part 1 pp.15-19, Part 2 pp.12-18, Part 2 pp.18-24 (cosmology and planetary anomalies, second QE round, page-by-page text plus page images of pp.19 and 21) and IE86 pp.11-16 have recorded deep reads in deep/; the remaining pages rest on digests plus the earlier Step 1 reading. Corrections from the second-round deep read: claim 8 is on Part 2 pp.20-23 (neutron step p.21, 2 kpc and CMB p.22, phlogiston sentence p.23; p.24 is references only); the 2 kpc range is a stated prediction, not a derivation; the neutron-step source is Van Flandern's 2002 newsletter item; the planetary anomalies are attributed to the polarization wave only qualitatively, and Hotson concedes GR roughly explains Mercury. Many supporting facts about other people's work (Reznik, Sherwin-Rawcliffe, Graneau, Pappas, Urutskoev/Lochak, Radin, Kotov, Perry, Arata, Hudson) are only as quoted by Hotson and must be checked by later steps.

Eight claims are listed rather than seven, to keep claims 1-7 numbered as the reviewers and arbiter used them; claim 8 is new after QE.

  1. The Dirac equation's two negative-energy solutions were wrongly discarded in the 1930s; all four roots (electron and positron, each with positive or negative energy) are physical, and the universe is built from them. [Parts 1, 2]
  2. Negative energy fills a universal Bose-Einstein condensate (the "Big BEC") of electron-positron pairs ("epos"), spin zero, with charges alternating every tau = 2e^2/3mc^3 = 6.26e-24 s (length tau*c = 1.87 fm); pair production just raises epos from this sea, so conservation of energy is restored, and zero-point energy is really negative energy (an epo carrying about 660 MeV, each vacuum mode 330 MeV). [Parts 1, 3]
  3. Electromagnetism, the photon, gravitation and inertia are direct-contact physical structures of epos in this BEC, which are non-local and apparently instantaneous (Sherwin-Rawcliffe, Graneau, Pappas cited), with gravity range-limited to a predicted (not derived) 2 kiloparsecs so that dark matter is not needed; the same medium is Lorentz's aether, which Hotson says passes the Sagnac and Silvertooth tests that Special Relativity fails. [Parts 1, 2, 3]
  4. The nucleon is built from epos (about 9180 charges, tied to 136 vibrational modes in ten dimensions), which accounts for the neutron, equal electron and proton charge, and the strength (about 2000 times Coulomb) and peculiar repulsive-then-attractive, short-range shape of the strong force. [Part 2, commentary]
  5. Atoms are held in shape by a crystal-like "Atomic BEC" of epos around the proton, replacing the Bohr/Schroedinger picture's "five miracles"; ion collections (plasmas, double layers, EVOs) are organized the same way. [Part 3]
  6. The same BEC makes astronomical structure: standing "waves of polarization" from spinning plasma bodies set satellite and planetary spacings (Titius-Bode law) at octaves of tau and 10tau (stated as R^2 > 0.999999 and chance probability below 1 in 1,000,000), with the fine-structure number 137 in the Galilean satellites' periods and the Sun/Jupiter diameter ratio of exactly 10; the same wave is said, qualitatively, to explain the Mercury, Venus and Mars orbit residuals (Newcomb's 1890s figures), the Pioneer "sunward pull", the Sun's 160-minute pulsation, the 11-year sunspot cycle via the "Io Shout", coronal heating, Earth length-of-day changes and decay-rate variations. [Part 2 pp.12-21; IE86 "The Music of the Spheres 2"]
  7. Extensions: low-energy nuclear reactions and biological transmutations occur by "removing the label" of the Atomic BEC (and neutron synthesis; Arata's 5 nm palladium, Lochak's titanium result); psi phenomena (Radin, odds of 10^104 to one) and David Hudson's "monatomic" platinum-group superconductors are real and explained by the BEC; and quantum objects are pure information, reality is a virtual construct refreshed every tau, and consciousness can survive bodily death. [Parts 2, 3; IE86 "The Music of the Spheres 2"]
  8. Cosmological redshift is tired-light energy loss to the epo medium (von Nernst 1921, Hubble 1929), not Doppler expansion; the universe is static and eternal, redshifts are quantized (Tifft, Arp, Guthrie and Napier), the microwave background is exhaust from the BEC, and the Big Bang is false ("to the physics of the future as phlogiston is to modern chemistry"). the phlogiston sentence also names the Standard Model; the neutron's 1.7 cm/s steps (Van Flandern 2002 newsletter) are read as a 90-percent-negative-energy semi-condensed state. [Part 2 pp.20-23; Zebuhr commentary item 13]