en.wikipedia.org "Entropic gravity" - 2026-10-04

URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropic_gravity (secondary source; used as a map of leads, each to be verified at its primary)

Leads found [web, from the article; primaries not all opened]

History / priority 4 and related work / priority 3: - Precursors: Bekenstein and Hawking (1970s black-hole thermodynamics); Jacobson 1995, "Thermodynamics of Spacetime: The Einstein Equation of State", PRL 75, 1260, gr-qc/9504004; Padmanabhan, Rep. Prog. Phys. 73, 046901 (2010), arXiv:0911.5004 (cited by Verlinde as [14]); Bianconi, "Gravity from entropy", PRD 111, 066001 (2025), arXiv:2408.14391. - First public statement: van Calmthout, "Is Einstein een beetje achterhaald?", de Volkskrant, 12 Dec 2009 (before the 6 Jan 2010 arXiv posting). - Press: Overbye, "A Scientist Takes on Gravity", New York Times, 12 Jul 2010; New Scientist issue 2744, 20 Jan 2010; Wired, 20 Jan 2010. Strominger quoted (via NYT): some say it is wrong, others "right and we already knew it". - Strings 2011, Uppsala, 1 Jul 2011: Verlinde talk "The Hidden Phase Space of our Universe" (dark matter explanation first presented). - Immediate follow-ups (2010): Shu & Gong 1001.3237; Cai, Cao, Ohta "Friedmann Equations from Entropic Force" 1001.3470; Easson, Frampton, Smoot "Entropic Accelerating Universe" 1002.4278; Cai, Liu, Li 1003.4526; Yi Wang 1001.4786; Smolin "Newtonian gravity in loop quantum gravity" 1001.3668; Mäkelä "Notes concerning..." 1001.3808; Lee, Kim, Lee "Gravity from quantum information" 1001.5445. Critiques and tests: - Visser, "Conservative entropic forces", JHEP 10 (2011) 140, arXiv:1108.5240 - n-body Newtonian gravity needs a "rather baroque construction" (many temperature baths); also says thermodynamic interpretation of GR is plausible. - Tower Wang, "Modified entropic gravity revisited", arXiv:1211.5722. - Nieuwenhuizen, Fortschr. Phys. 65 (2017) 1600050, arXiv:1610.01543 - Abell 1689 lensing rules out EG unless eV neutrinos added. - Brouwer et al. 2016 (supports; see arxiv note). Pardo, JCAP 12 (2020) 012, arXiv:1706.00785 - dwarf galaxies: EG fits smallest, too low for massive gas-rich ones. - Wang & Braunstein, "Surfaces away from horizons are not thermodynamic", Nat. Commun. 9, 2977 (2018) - bears directly on the screen-thermodynamics assumption (claims 1, 3; Verlinde's own caveat that screens may not be in equilibrium). - Kobakhidze PRD 83 021502 (2011) neutron argument vs Chaichian et al. PLB 702, 419 (2011) loophole. - Parker & Jeynes "Quantitative Geometrical Thermodynamics" (Sci. Rep. 2019; Physics Open 2021) - related entropic approach (priority 3).