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Priority: 1 (the inventor's own later work). Bears on claims 2, 3 and 4.
Content [web: page images p.437-438]
Standfirst: "Using a novel interferometer, the author claims to have demonstrated the existence of the ether and to have disproved the principle of Relativity."
He says the device "has proved conclusively that our motion at speeds of some 400 km/s or so in space can be measured in the confines of a laboratory."
He credits the Sagnac experiment (ring laser gyros) and Michelson-Gale. His stated assumption was that the different wavelengths of the two opposite rays would let a detector sense a displacement of the standing wave along a common path, if the optics were moved along a linear path rather than rotated.
Standing-wave sensor details (missing from the 1986 paper): a photomultiplier tube with two optically flat windows and a 50 nm semitransparent photocathode on the inner surface of one window. Six-stage annular dynode. The signal-to-noise ratio at antinode vs node was about 20,000:1. Three sensors were fabricated at the General Electric Company, Syracuse, NY, from standard image-orthicon parts.
Formula, written in a different form: (λ1 − λ2)/λ ≈ λ/Δ, with λ1 = λ(1+v/c) and λ2 = λ(1−v/c). Compare 1986 eq. 5, λ1 = λ/(1+v/c). The two agree to first order, but the labels are swapped. Δ "in a typical measurement" = 0.025 cm. 2v/c = 0.000063/0.025 = 0.00252, so v = 378 km/s "on the day when this particular test was performed".
Orientation: "The axis of the photodetector making the linear scan through the standing wave was directed towards the constellation Leo when this maximum value of v was registered. Six hours before and after this event the displacement of the detector revealed no phase changes".
Repeatability claim (absent from 1986): "The experiment has been repeated in a variety of configurations over the past several years. Values of Δ measured have all ranged within ±5% of the cited value." The micrometer is graduated in 0.0025 mm, and a third piezo actuator with a ten-turn potentiometer does the fine setting.
Since the first disclosure "there has been a great deal of effort by a number of individuals in different countries, including USA, West Germany, UK, Italy, France and Austria, all aimed at theorizing as to why the experiment works or why it should not work."
The author "declines in this article to go into the mathematical argument".
Sidebar "The Ether Challenge" (unsigned; probably editorial or a third party, author not identified). It describes suppression of dissent ("Suppress, ignore and ridicule"), Louis Essen's caesium-clock work, and Essen's article on "the suppression of the truths concerning Einstein's theory". This is the sidebar writer's characterization.
Sidebar "The Sagnac Effect" restates the 1986 Fig. 1 derivation.
Further reading: Silvertooth & Jacobs, Appl. Opt. 1983; Silvertooth, Nature 322, 590 (1986); Silvertooth, SST 10(3) 1987 [sic]; B. A. Nanning, Physics Essays 1(4) 1988; Silvertooth, Letters, EWW June 1988 p.542; L. Essen, EWW Feb 1988 p.126; L. Essen, Wireless World Oct 1978 p.44.
Bearing
Claim 4: adds a stated repeatability (±5% over several years, several configurations), the Leo-direction alignment and the GE-made sensors. These are the inventor's own statements, still with no data table. It also says 378 km/s was the value "on the day" of one test.
Fills the deep-read gap "no runs, errors": this is the inventor's own answer.
The labels for λ1 and λ2 are swapped relative to 1986 eq. 5 (the Mathematician should note this).